Nitrofurantoin

What is it?

Composition

The composition of the drug Nitrofurantoin is based on the active ingredient - nitrofurantoin, which has a powerful antibacterial effect. A distinctive feature of nitrofurantoin is its ability to affect the cellular enzymes of bacteria, which are necessary for their survival and reproduction. As a result of this process, the bacteria die, and the infection is eliminated.

The composition of the drug also includes excipients, which may vary depending on the manufacturer of the capsules. Typically, these include:

• lactose monohydrate
• silicon dioxide
• magnesium stearate

These components help ensure the stabilization and proper delivery of nitrofurantoin to the patients body. All ingredients of the drug meet high quality standards, which is confirmed by the availability of licenses for the manufactured drugs.

How to use?

To achieve maximum effectiveness of treatment, Nitrofurantoin must be taken strictly according to the recommendations. The standard course of treatment involves taking 100 mg of the drug twice a day for three days. It is recommended to adhere to a 12-hour interval between doses.

1. Take the Nitrofurantoin capsule whole, with water, during meals or with a dairy product. This will improve the absorption of the drug and reduce the risk of side effects with the stomach.
2. Despite the reduction of the standard course of treatment to three days, do not stop taking the drug if you notice improvements earlier. The full course of the antibiotic has the longest binding effect on the infection.
3. Remember that dark urine when taking nitrofurantoin is normal and does not require stopping treatment.

It is not recommended to change the dosage or duration of taking the drug on your own, as this may reduce its effectiveness and cause a relapse of the infection.

How does it work?

The mechanism of action of Nitrofurantoin is aimed at the destruction of the cellular structures of bacteria. The drug blocks the enzymes necessary for the bacterial cell, thereby interrupting the respiration, metabolism and division processes of microorganisms. As a result, bacteria cannot multiply and gradually die, which leads to the elimination of the infection.

Since Nitrofurantoin is actively excreted through the kidneys, it optimally accumulates in the urinary tract, providing a high concentration of the antibiotic directly at the site of infection. This is especially effective for cystitis, as it allows you to quickly get rid of symptoms and prevent the development of more serious complications of the infection.

However, it is important to remember that the effectiveness of the drug may decrease in the presence of certain resistant strains of bacteria. Therefore, before starting treatment, it is recommended to consult a doctor to select the most appropriate course of therapy.

Indications

Nitrofurantoin is prescribed for various urinary tract infections, primarily cystitis in women. The main indications for the use of this antibiotic include the fight against pathogenic bacteria that cause inflammation and unpleasant symptoms.

• treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis in women
• prevention of recurrent cystitis in patients with frequent exacerbations
• effective suppression of bacterial flora in the urinary tract

Nitrofurantoin has established itself as the first choice in the treatment of cystitis, especially in cases where alternative antibiotics are less effective or cause side effects.

Contraindications

Despite its high effectiveness, Nitrofurantoin has a number of contraindications that should be taken into account before starting treatment. The use of this antibiotic may be unsafe for patients with certain diseases or conditions.

• allergic reactions to nitrofurantoin or other components of the drug
• the presence of severe liver disease
• renal failure or severe impairment of their function
• glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, which can cause anemia

Patients with chronic diseases or those taking other medications (eg, anticoagulants) should discuss the possibility of using Nitrofurantoin with a doctor to prevent possible drug interactions.

Side effects

Like any other antibiotic, Nitrofurantoin may cause side effects in some users. Before you begin a course of treatment, familiarize yourself with possible adverse reactions so that you are prepared if they occur.

• gastrointestinal upset, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
• dizziness or headaches
• rash or skin allergic reactions
• change in urine color to dark yellow or brown, which is normal

While most side effects are temporary and disappear after the course of treatment is completed, if they worsen or if a serious allergic reaction occurs (e.g. swelling of the face, difficulty breathing), you should seek immediate medical attention.